TWTAs or SSPAs – What’s the difference?

Travelling wave tube amplifiers (TWTA)

TWTAs use vacuum tube technology to amplify RF signals, offering high power output, wide bandwidth, and efficiency at high frequencies (above 10GHz). They are commonly used in satellite communications due to their ability to handle high peak power. However, they are larger, require high voltage, and have a limited lifespan compared to solid-state alternatives. Despite their higher cost and maintenance needs, TWTAs remain the preferred choice for high-frequency, high-power applications where efficiency and bandwidth are critical.

Solid-state amplifiers (SSPA)

SSPAs use semiconductor technology (e.g., GaN or GaAs transistors) to amplify RF signals, offering high reliability, compact size, and better linearity. They are commonly used in satellite communications, radar, and broadcasting, particularly in lower-frequency and digital applications. While they typically provide lower power output than TWTAs, they are more efficient at lower frequencies, require less maintenance, and have a longer lifespan. SSPAs are ideal for applications where reliability, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness are key considerations.

The widest HPA range on the market

Current (1)

ETL’s range of high power amplifiers offers comprehensive coverage. These amplifiers are the most compact and lightweight available, as much as 40% smaller and lighter than competitor products. They offer modern design with common parts, reducing cost burdens for spares and maintenance across the range. The amplifiers feature flexible protocols to allow interoperability with other manufacturers’ products, and we provide a proactive support service. For customer ease, our redundancy systems are provided ready for tool-free installation, and the units can be easily installed/removed with a few simple movements.

  • C-Band options from 400-750W output power
  • X-Band options from 400-750W output power
  • Ku-Band options from 180-2500W output power
  • DBS-Band options from 76-2500W output power
  • K-Band options from 400-550W output power
  • Ka-Band options from 250-750W output power
  • Q-Band options from 180-190W output power
  • V-Band options with 250W output power
  • Forward and reverse power monitoring
  • Circulator recive band and harmonic filters
  • Wide mouth power supply
  • Local control panel
  • Ethernet port/web browser control
  • Redundancy control (up to three waveguide switches)
  • Removable filters
  • Internal BUC (optional)
  • 10 MHZ autosense reference (optional)
  • Linearisers (optional)

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

TWT Type

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No.

5.850-6.425

5.850-6.650

5.850-6.725

5.850-7.025

6.725-7.025

400

350

CW

280H x 588L x 254W

25kg

STA6140

5.850-6.425

5.850-6.650

5.850-6.725

5.850-7.025

6.725-7.025

750

675

CW

280H x 620L x 260W

25kg

STA6175

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

TWT Type

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No.

7.90-8.40

400

365

CW

271H x 588L x 254W

STA6240

7.90-8.40

750

650

CW

271H x 588L x 254W

STA6275

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

TWT Type

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No.

12.75-14.50

13.75-14.50

13.75-14.80

180

150

CW

132H x 348L x 183W

9kg

STA3318

13.75-14.50

12.75-14.50

13.75-14.80

12.75-13.25

400

180

PEAK

432L x 216W x 216H

16kg

STA4340P

13.75-14.50

12.75-14.50

13.75-14.80

12.75-13.25

400

350

CW

254H x 508L x 254W

21kg

STA5340

13.75-14.50

12.75-14.50

13.75-14.80

12.75-13.25

750

675

CW

508L x 254W x 254H

21kg

STA5375

13.75-14.50

12.75-14.50

13.75-14.80

12.75-13.25

1250

565

PEAK

508L x 254W x 254H

21kg

STA53125P

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

TWT Type

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No

17.30-18.10

17.30-18.40

85

76

CW

348L x 183W x 132H

9kg

STA3408

17.30-18.10

17.30-18.40

500

420

CW

520L x 254W x 254H

21kg

STA5450

17.30-18.10

17.30-18.40

17.30-17.80

750

675

CW

520L x 254W x 254H

21kg

STA5475

17.30-18.10

17.30-18.40

17.30-17.80

1250

565

PEAK

508L x 254W x 254H

21kg

STA54125P

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

TWT Type

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No.

22.50-23.50

400

250

PEAK

520L x 260W x 260H

21kg

STA5940P

22.50-23.50

550

340

PEAK

520L x 260W x 260H

21kg

STA5955P

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

TWT Type

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No.

27.5-30.0

27.0-30.0

28.0-30.0

30.0-31.0

250

110

PEAK

440L x 220W x 220H

16kg

STA4525P

27.5-30.0

27.0-30.0

28.0-30.0

30.0-31.0

385

135

PEAK

440L x 220W x 220H

16kg

STA45385P

27.5-30.0

27.0-30.0

28.0-30.0

30.0-31.0

500

425

CW

520L x 260W x 260H

21kg

STA5550

27.5-30.0

27.0-30.0

28.0-30.0

30.0-31.0

500

250

PEAK

520L x 260W x 260H

21kg

STA5550P

27.5-30.0

27.0-30.0

28.0-30.0

30.0-31.0

550

250

PEAK

520L x 260W x 260H

21kg

STA5555P

27.5-30.0

27.0-30.0

28.0-30.0

30.0-31.0

650

280

PEAK

520L x 260W x 260H

21kg

STA5565P

27.5-30.0

27.0-30.0

28.0-30.0

30.0-31.0

650

280

PEAK

520L x 260W x 260H

21kg

STA5565P-LC

27.0-31.0

750

370

PEAK

520L x 260W x 260H

21kg

STA5575P

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

TWT Type

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No.

24.65 – 25.254

500

350

CW

520L x 260W x 260H

21kg

STA5850P

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

TWT Type

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No.

43.50-45.50

180

130

CW

520L x 254W x 254H

21kg

STA5618

43.50-45.50

190

137

CW

520L x 254W x 254H

21kg

STA5619

43.50-45.50

200

137

CW

520L x 254W x 254H

21kg

STA5620

Type

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

TWT Type

Size (mm)

Weight

Datasheet

47.20-51.40

47.20-52.40

250

100

PEAK

520L x 260W x 260H

21kg

STA5725P


Rack-mount TWTAs incorporate an easy-to-operate, colour touch screen interface with a multi-function selector wheel. The GUI display provides clear, user-friendly status information on the amplifier’s operation, including RF output power monitoring, heater, helix monitoring, and TWT temperature. Should a redundancy system be required, this can be set up and controlled via the built-in touch screen.

  • C-Band options from 400-750W output power
  • X-Band options from 400-750W output power
  • Ku-Band options from 400-750W output power
  • DBS-Band options from 500-750W output power
  • Modern third generation design using common parts and modules
  • Ethernet port/web browser control
  • Redundant systems – 1:1, 1:2 or 1:N and power combined systems

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

Model No.

5.85-6.425

5.85-6.65

5.85-6.75

5.85-7.025

5.85-7.075

400

350

STR1140

5.85-6.425

5.85-6.65

5.85-6.75

5.85-7.025

5.85-7.075

750

650

STR2175

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

Model No.

7.90 – 8.40

400

350

STR1240

7.90 – 8.40

750

650

STR2275

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

Model No.

13.75-14.50

12.75-14.50

13.75-14.80

12.75-13.25

400

350

STR5340

13.75-14.50

12.75-14.50

13.75-14.80

12.75-13.25

12.75-14.80

750

650

STR5375

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

TWT Power (W)

TWTA Power (W)

Model No.

17.3 – 18.1

17.3 – 18.4

500

420

STR2450

17.3 – 18.1

17.3 – 18.4

17.3 – 17.8

750

650

STR5475

Increasingly powerful outdoor SSPAs are steadily replacing indoor TWTAs, enabling service providers to eliminate long waveguide runs by installing high-power amplifiers closer to the antenna. The solid-state amplifier’s compact size and power capacity makes it ideal for operators to free-up valuable indoor rack space. Applications include mobile broadcast, DSNG, VSAT, and fixed medium-large earth stations.

  • C-Band options from 20-2500W output power (Psat)
  • X-Band options from 16-500W output power (Psat)
  • Ku-Band options from 2-500W output power (Psat)
  • Ka-Band options from 20-40W output power (Psat)
  • Compact, lightweight and efficient design
  • Low power consumption
  • Forward/reverse power direction
  • Input power detection
  • Intuitive monitoring and control via RS232/RS485 and Ethernet (SNMP &HTTP)
  • Automatic fault identification & alarm generation
  • Temperature compensation facility
  • Built-in redundancy facility
  • 10MHz reference with auto-detection
  • Built-in receive reject filter
  • Sample port for output monitoring
  • Optional Antenna Mounting Kit
  • Block Up Converter (BUC) option available
  • Wide operating temperature range

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

Output Power (Psat)

Input

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No.

5.85-6.425

5.85-6.725

6.425-6.725

6.725-7.025

20W, 40W, 60W, 80W, 100W, 120W

950-1525MHz / 950-1825MHz

152H x 152L x 106W

2.7kg

TPB-CB00430-510

5.85-6.425

5.85-6.725

6.425-6.725

6.725-7.025

150W, 200W, 250W

950-1525MHz / 950-1825MHz

400W x 230H x 130L

12kg

TPB-CB00520-540

5.85-6.425

5.85-6.725

6.425-6.725

6.725-7.025

300W, 400W, 500W

950-1525MHz / 950-1825MHz

470H x 340L x 250W

30kg

TPB-CB00550-570

5.85-6.425

5.85-6.725

6.425-6.725

6.725-7.025

600W, 800W, 1000W

950-1525MHz

610L x 510Wx 320H

60kg

TPB-CB00580-600

5.85-6.425

5.85-6.725

6.425-6.725

6.725-7.025

1200W, 1500W

950-1525MHz

610L x 510W x 320H

60kg

TPB-CB00610-620

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

Output Power (Psat)

Input

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No.

7.9 – 8.4

16W, 20W, 40W, 80W, 100W

950 – 1525MHz

115H x 165L x 165W

2.5kg

TPA-XB00430-500

7.9 – 8.4

300W, 400W, 500W

470H x 343L x 254W

25kg

TPA-XB00550-570

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

Output Power (Psat)

Input

Size (mm)

Weight

Model No.

13.75 – 14.5

8W, 12W, 16W

950 – 1700MHz

145H x 135L x 100W

2.75kg

TPB-KUB0390-420-HMS

14.00-14.50

13.75-14.50

40W, 50W, 60W

950-1450MHz

950-1700MHz

165H x 165L x 94W

2.5kg

TPB-KUB0460-480-HMS

14.00-14.50

13.75-14.50

12.75-13.25

16W, 20W, 25W, 40W, 50W, 65W

950-1450MHz

950-1700MHz

95H x 150L x 140W

2kg

TPB-KXB0420-480-HMA

14.00-14.50

13.75-14.50

80W, 100W, 125W

950-1450MHz

950-1700MHz

345H x 215L x 100W

8kg

TPB-KUB0490-510-HMS

14.0 – 14.5

13.75 – 14.5

150W, 200W

950 – 1450MHz

950 – 1700MHz

390H x 225L x 110W

470H x 225L x 110W

(with output circulator)

12kg

TPB-KUB0520-530-HMS

14.00-14.50

13.75-14.50

12.75-13.25

100W

950-1450MHz

950-1700MHz

105H x 190L x 167W

4.5kg

TPB-KUB0500-HMS

14.0 – 14.5

13.75 – 14.5

250W, 300W, 400W, 500W

950 – 1450MHz

950 – 1700MHz

480H x 290L x 242W

34kg

TPB-KXB0540-570

14.0 – 14.5

13.75 – 14.5

250W, 300W, 400W, 500W

950 – 1450MHz

950 – 1700MHz

480H x 290L x 242W

34kg

TPB-KXB0580-600

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

Output Power (Psat)

Input

Size

Weight

Model No.

27-31GHz

20W, 40W

950-1950MHz

23×13.75x10cms / 28.5×27.25x11cms

5.5KG

12.75KG

TPB-KAX0430-460


Our indoor SSPAs are increasingly being adopted in satellite uplink systems as alternatives to traditional TWTAs due to their extremely compact, lightweight and efficient design. The SSPAs utilise either GaN (gallium nitride) or GaAS (gallium arsenide) technology.

  • Low power consumption
  • Forward/reverse power direction
  • Input power detection
  • Intuitive monitoring and control via RS232/RS485 and Ethernet (SNMP &HTTP)
  • Automatic fault identification & alarm generation
  • Temperature compensation facility
  • Built-in redundancy facility
  • 10MHz reference with auto-detection
  • Built-in receive reject filter
  • Sample port for output monitoring
  • AC/DC power supply options
  • Wide operating temperature range

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

Output Power (Psat)

Input

Size (RU)

Model No.

5.85-6.425

100W, 200W, 250W, 300W, 400W, 800W, 1000W

3RU – 6RU

IPB-CB00500-600-RMSX

5.85-6.425

10W

2RU

IPB-CB0400-RMS

5.85-6.425

20W

2RU

IPB-CB0440-RMS

5.85-6.425

5.85-6.725

1800W

950-1525MHz

950-1825MHz

10RU

IPB-CB00625-RMSX

Name & Datasheet

Frequency (GHz)

Output Power (Psat)

Input

Size (RU)

Model No.

13.75-14.50

14-14.50

50W, 100W, 125W, 200W, 250W, 300W, 400W, 500W, 800W, 1000W

950-1700MHz

2RU – 5RU

IPB-KXB0470-600-RMSX

13.75-14.50

14-14.5

2000W

950-1700MHz

8RU

IPB-KXB0630-RMSX


Our Troposcatter BUC / SSPA delivers 1000W output at just 46KG, combining advanced GaN technology and a patent-pending Z-combining method for superior power density and RF performance. Its high thermal efficiency boosts reliability, reduces system size and cost, and suits both mobile and fixed applications. Backed by a three-year warranty, it sets a new benchmark in high-power BUC/SSPA technology.

  • Extremely High Power Density— 1000W PSAT in 52x46x27cms
  • RF Overdrive Protection
  • Input and Output True RMS Power Detection
  • Superior RF Performance
  • Phase noise 8-10dB better than IESS308/309
  • Psat up to 60dBm
  • Spurious below –60dBc
  • Wide dynamic range of Gain Control
  • High Linearity
  • Configuration via RS-232 serial console, packet protocol RS-485—User friendly HTTP based GUI and SNMP
  • Redundant Ready– No External Redundancy Controller Required
  • Status LED
  • Field Upgradable Software

The Man-pack Troposcatter Terminal is a lightweight, rugged, all-in-one BLoS solution, integrating a BUC, LNB, modem, and filters. Weighing under 6kg, it delivers up to 20W output in the 4.4-5.0GHz range, ensuring reliable long-range communication for military, disaster recovery, and emergency operations. Supporting data rates of 7 Mbps over 70km and compatible with all antenna systems, its quad-diversity modem enhances performance for demanding tactical deployments.

  • Ultra Compact design and light weight for Integrated Modem-BUC solution
  • Superior RF performance
  • Highest Dispersion Tolerance
  • LDPC Backwards Compatible
  • Wide dynamic range of Gain Control
  • High Linearity
  • Configuration via RS-232 serial console, packet protocol RS-485—User friendly HTTP based GUI and SNMP
  • Redundant Ready– No External Redundancy Controller Required
  • Status LED
  • Field Upgradable Software
  • Integrated Terminal is ready to work in space diversity mode
  • 2 x TX outputs and 4 x RX inputs
  • Extensive M&C capability
  • Ethernet: embedded Web browser (HTTP)
  • SNMPv3 support
  • Auto Uplink Power Control
  • Adaptive and ACM Control
  • DVBS2X

System Controllers

We offer controllers in 1U and 3U rack-mounted options, providing advanced satellite redundancy management with intuitive interfaces, extensive monitoring, and seamless integration for reliable operation.

Features:

  • 1:1, 1:2 or 1:N and power combined systems
  • Tool-free installation and alignment
  • Lightweight uni-strut frame
  • Common form-factor, all the redundancy systems fit all the amplifiers
  • 7 inch touch screen controller

FAQs

What are the main differences between TWTAs and SSPAs?

TWTAs use vacuum tube technology to amplify RF signals, providing high power, wide bandwidth, and efficiency at high frequencies. In contrast, SSPAs use semiconductor transistors, offering better reliability, compact size, and lower maintenance costs but generally lower power output.

Why are TWTAs still used if SSPAs are more reliable?

TWTAs excel in high-power and wideband applications, especially at frequencies above 10 GHz. Their efficiency at these high frequencies makes them essential for applications like radar, military, and satellite uplinks, where SSPAs may struggle to deliver the required power.

Which amplifier is better for satellite communication?

It depends on the application. TWTAs are preferred for high-power uplinks and deep space missions due to their high efficiency at high frequencies. SSPAs, on the other hand, are widely used in commercial SATCOM and VSAT systems, where reliability and compact size are more important.

Can SSPAs replace TWTAs in all applications?

No, while SSPAs are replacing TWTAs in many areas, TWTAs are still necessary for high-power and high-frequency applications, such as deep-space communications, high-power radar, and electronic warfare.

Can TWTAs and SSPAs be used together?

Yes, in some systems, TWTAs and SSPAs can be combined to take advantage of the strengths of both technologies. For example, SSPAs may be used for lower power applications, while TWTAs handle high-power amplification.